Ambipolar Diffusion in the Lower Solar Atmosphere: Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations of a Sunspot

Magnetic Transport On The Solar Atmosphere By Turbulent Ambipolar Diffusion

The lower solar atmosphere consists of partially ionized turbulent plasmas harbouring velocity field, magnetic field and current density fluctuations. The correlations amongst these small scale fluctuations give rise to large scale flows and magnetic fields which decisively affect all transport processes. The three fluid system consisting of electrons, ions and neutral particles supports nonide...

Slow magnetohydrodynamic waves in the solar atmosphere.

There is increasingly strong observational evidence that slow magnetoacoustic modes arise in the solar atmosphere, either as propagating or standing waves. Sunspots, coronal plumes and coronal loops all appear to support slow modes. Here we examine theoretically how the slow mode may be extracted from the magnetohydrodynamic equations, considering the special case of a vertical magnetic field i...

Alfvén waves in the lower solar atmosphere.

The flow of energy through the solar atmosphere and the heating of the Sun's outer regions are still not understood. Here, we report the detection of oscillatory phenomena associated with a large bright-point group that is 430,000 square kilometers in area and located near the solar disk center. Wavelet analysis reveals full-width half-maximum oscillations with periodicities ranging from 126 to...

Turbulence and diffusion in the lower atmosphere

The only existing theory of atmospheric turbulence which is capable of giving a quantitative approach to the complex problems of diffusion in the lower atmosphere is the classical theory in which it is generally assumed that the effect of eddies in the atmosphere is completely analogous to that of molecules in a gas apart from a difference of scale. This assumption, which later evidence has sho...

spectral solar irradiance lower during the recent low sunspot minimum ?